【期末高分题集】[东北师范大学]《英美概况（二）高起本》考核必备27

奥鹏期末考核

63029–《英美概况（二）高起本》2022年东北师范大学期末复习题集

单选题：
（1）Harvard, one of the most famous universities in the world, was founded in ()
A.1636
B.1635
C.1634
D.1639
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（2）The Pilgrims were able to survive in America because ().
A.they received help from the Indians
B.they were supported by rich companies
C.many ships brought them food from England
D.they had signed the Mayflower Compact
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（3）In the U.S., people go to church mainly for the following reasons except ().
A.for finding a job in sociely
B.for having a place in a community
C.for identifying themselves with dominant values
D.for getting together with friends
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（4）The US is the world’s leading exporter of agricultural products, in which the second most important export is ().
A.Cotton
B.vegetable oils
C.cereal grains
D.soybeans
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（5）After the Civil War, the United States saw great developments in ().
A.agriculture
B.economics
C.culture
D.politics
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（6）What belongs to the attitudes of Americans toward manual labor?
A.Highly valuing
B.looking down upon it.
C.Neutral
D.Refusing to take on it.
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（7）()serve as the media between producers and retailers, or producers and wholesalers.
A.Producers
B.Retailers
C.Wholesalers
D.The government
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（8）The period of colonization covered the years from 1607 to (), that is, from the first settlement of English colonists to the independence of the USA.
A.1776
B.1777
C.1778
D.1779
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（9）By law any natural-born American citizen of any over years of age () can run for the presidency.
A.thirty three
B.thirty four
C.thirty five
D.thirty six
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（10）Day-to-day family leisure activities include the following activities EXCEPT ().
A.going to a restaurant for dinner
B.visit Disney World
C.barbecuing
D.shopping malls
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（11）The state () is rich in fishing and trapping.
A.Hawaii
B.California
C.Alaska
D.New York
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（12）The largest religious group in America is ().
A.Roman Catholics
B.Protestants
C.Orthodists
D.Presbyterians
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（13）The turning point of the War of Independence was the Battle of() in 1777.
A.Yorktown
B.Saratoga
C.Bunker Hill
D.Lexington
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（14）The two major political parties in the United States are ().
A.the Democratic Party and the Republican Party
B.the Labor Party and the Conservative Party
C.the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party
D.the Federalist Party and the Republican Party
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（15）()is the second largest US city in terms of population in the United States of America and the largest industrial city in the country.
A.Los Angeles
B.Philadelphia
C.Chicago
D.California
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（16）The Midway Island Battle was the turning point of the () War.
A.Pacific
B.Cold
C.Atlantic
D.Civil
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（17）The first imperialist war took place between the U. S. and () in 1898.
A.Britain
B.France
C.Spain
D.Mexico
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（18）Christianity consists of the following except ()
A.Catholicism
B.East Orthodox
C.Jewish Church
D.Protestantism
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（19）The “first Americans” were the ().
A.black slaves
B.Indians
C.whites
D.Eskimos
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（20）()has the power to impeach the President of the United States when he abuses his power.
A.The Senate
B.The Justice of the Supreme Court
C.The Congress
D.The Supreme Court
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（21）The national flag of the United States is known as().
A.the Star-Spangled Banner
B.Uncle Sam
C.Hot Dog
D.Union Jack
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（22）The largest seaport of the United States is ().
A.San Diego
B.San Francisco
C.Chicago
D.New York
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（23）Washington is the headquarters of all the branches of the American federal system: (), the Supreme Court and the Presidency.
A.the Senate
B.The House of Representatives
C.Congress
D.the highest court
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（24）The University of California, with several branch campuses, has more than () students.
A.128 000
B.129 000
C.126 000
D.127000
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（25）The largest public library in the U. S. is ().
A.Library of Congress
B.Library of Harvard
C.Franklin Library
D.Roosevelt Library
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（26）The () River forms part of the boundary between Canada and the USA, serving as an international river.
A.Colorado
B.Ohio
C.Missouri
D.St.Lawrence
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（27）The Head of the Representatives is called().
A.Leader
B.Chancellor
C.Speaker
D.Chairman
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（28）The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ().
A.challenging the authority of the Pope
B.salvation through faith
C.salvation through the church
D.establishing a direct contact with God
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（29）Metropolitan Museum is in ().
A.Washington D.C.
B.Boston
C.New York
D.Philadelphia
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（30）President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a well-known policy called() to save the economic situation.
A.the Open Door Policy
B.the New Deal
C.Good Neighbor Policy
D.the“Big Stick”
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（31）The original name of New York is ().
A.New Hampshire
B.New Amsterdam
C.New Jersey
D.New England
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（32）The presiding officer of the Senate is() who serves as chairman when the Senate is in session.
A.the Speaker
B.the Vice President
C.theCongressman
D.the Floor Leader
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（33）The U. S. A. is known as a “Melting Pot” for its ().
A.mixture of religions
B.mixture of nationalities
C.mixture of climates
D.mixture of habits
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（34）The state to which the Mayflower sailed is().
A.Florida
B.Maine
C.Massachusetts
D.Virginia
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（35）()is the largest city in the US.
A.Los Angeles
B.Chicago
C.Detroit
D.the New York City
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（36）() served more than two terms in American history.
A.Franklin D. Roosevelt
B.George Washington
C.Thomas Jefferson
D.Abraham Lincoln.
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（37）() are the most numerous in the minorities of the United States.
A.blacks
B.Hispanics
C.Asian-Americans
D.Jews
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（38）()is the spokesman of the US foreign policy.
A.The State Secretary
B.The President
C.The Vice President
D.The Chief of the White House Staff
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（39）The Niagara Falls is located on the US and Canadian boundary between lake Erie and lake().
A.Superior
B.Michigan
C.Huron
D.Ontario
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（40）The symbol of the Republican Party is ().
A.a monkey
B.an elephant
C.a horse
D.a donkey
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（41）In (), the first satellite was launched in the USA.
A.1958
B.1657
C.1659
D.1655
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（42）The “Senior Citizens” in the senior centers refer to.()
A.high officials
B.professors
C.presidents
D.old people
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（43）() is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes.
A.The executive
B.The legislative
C.The Judicial
D.The president
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（44）Harvard University was founded in ().
A.1366
B.1633
C.1636
D.1363
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（45）Detroit is famous for the production of ().
A.bamboo
B.automobiles
C.timber
D.airplanes
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（46）America occupies the leading position in the modern technology in the following areas except ().
A.atomic energy
B.computers
C.space
D.shipbuilding
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（47）The three biggest newspapers are of the following except ().
A.New York Times
B.Reader's Digest
C.Washington Post
D.Los Angeles Times
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（48）The first immigrants came to America from England to escape ().
A.poverty
B.imprisonment
C.religious persecution
D.all of the above
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（49）The most famous 19 radio stations is ().
A.the Columbia Broadcasting System
B.the American Broadcasting System
C.Voice of America
D.The National Broadcasting System
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（50）From 1949 to 1972, the number of scientists who moved into the USA from various countries in the world reached ()
A.200 000
B.300 000
C.400 000
D.500 000
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（51）The largest freshwater lake in the world is().
A.lake Superior
B.lake Erie
C.lake Ontari
D.lake Michigan
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（52）When ()was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation, the Confederate States of America.
A.Thomas Jefferson
B.Franklin D. Roosevelt
C.George Washington
D.Abraham Lincoln
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（53）The most important advantage the North had over the South in the Civil War was its()superiority.
A.industrial
B.agricultural
C.economical
D.military
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（54）The river that serves as the dividing line between the South and the North of the United States is().
A.the Columbia River
B.the Potomac River
C.the Ohio River
D.the Colorado River
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（55）The presiding officer of the Senate is() who serves as chairman when the Senate is in session.
A.the Speaker
B.the Vice President
C.the Congressman
D.the Floor Leader
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判断题：
（1）American government has always been playing an important role in the development of American economy.
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（2）The supreme judicial body in the USA is in the District Court.
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（3）Labour Day was first celebrated in honour of the workers in the USA.
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（4）Americans are free to have guns, and this makes hunting a popular sport in the USA
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（5）It was the Scandinavian immigrants in the mid-seventeenth century who introduced skiing into the USA.
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（6）America was once the dominant exporting nation, but her competitive superiority lost
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（7）Basketball is the summer sport in American 奥鹏期末考核schools and colleges.
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（8）There are three world religions: Buddhism, Islam and Christianity.
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（9）On July 4, 1775, the Continental Congress passed and adopted the Declaration of Independence
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（10）Americans have been trained since very early in their lives to consider themselves as separate individuals who are responsible for their own situations in life and their own destinies.
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（11）American's biggest challenge is coming from Pacific Rim countries such as Japan, South Korea, and Singapore.
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（12）The leading region for manufacturing activity is the Middle Atlantic region
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（13）In most high schools, apart from general education, there is also vocational training for specific occupations
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（14）Martin Luther King was a black minister, who became a great leader of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1970s.
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（15）Christianity came into being in 20 A.D.
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（16）Some advanced technology such as relay facilities and satellites are used to send programs overseas.
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（17）In the United States, cotton is a leading commercial crop in the South.
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（18）Voice of America is the most famous of the radio stations of the America.
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（19）The 1787 Constitution consisted of 8 articles and later 26 amendments were added.
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（20）Thomas Jefferson is the 3rd US Presidetn from 1801 to 1809. He was a lawyer who opposed the British colonial policy and was a member of the Continental Congress.
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（21）There are nearly 3100 state parks and recreation areas in the USA..
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（22）Americans like boating. Motorboats, as well as canoes, are very popular for fishing and water-skiing
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（23）Death Valley, 280 feet below sea level. It is the lowest point in the whole of North America.
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（24）The Eastern Orthodox Church was separated from Roman Catholic Church in 1054, with the population of 130 million.
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（25）The group of buildings of the United Nations stands along the West River at the end of the 42nd Street.
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（26）Detroit has been known as the automobile capital of the world.
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（27）American industry is developing so rapidly that it has been in the leadin gposition for the past century.
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（28）St. Valentine’s Day is a sweetheart festival on 15th February on which lovers send presents to each other to show his or her love.
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（29）America is the world' s largest producer of electricity, but stil it has to import electricity from Canada.
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（30）Christopher Columbus was a Spanish adventurer.
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（31）Women’s Liberation Movement has been the single important social movement of the 1970’s.
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（32）The western part consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Appalachian Range
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（33）Since 1816, the executive mansion has been known as "White House".
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（34）Generally speaking, an elementary school teacher must have a BA degree with a major in education.
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（35）In 1956, the first satellite was launched in the USA.
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（36）The academic year lasts nine months.
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（37）The chief function of the Congress is to deal with foreign affairs.
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（38）Each of the fifty states of the U. S. A. elects three senators.
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（39）When Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation, the Confederate Union of America.
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（40）From 1901 to 1978, there were altogether 117 people in the USA having won the Nobel Prizes for the research of natural science.
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（41）The Republican Party grew out of the “Anti-Federalists” that appeared after 1787 when the Constitution was made.
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（42）VOA is the most famous of the eighteen radio stations of the USA for the propaganda to foreign countries
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（43）The annual session of the Congress begins on January 3rd each year. Congress holds two annual sessions each term.
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（44）Mount Mekinley, 6187 meters high, on the north of the Alaska, the highest peak on the American continent.
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（45）The emigration from England to the colonies in America was mainly sponsored by the king.
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（46）According to the US Constitution, Congress exercises the legislative power. It enjoys the power of making laws, levying taxes and appropriating money for government expenditure.
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（47）When the state administrations act out the powers given to them in the Constitution, the federal administration has right to interfere.
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（48）The military leader of the Southern army in the American Civial War was General Grant.
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（49）In 1791, the first ten amendments were made. This is the well-known " Bill of Rights ", which contains such liberties as freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of press, etc.
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（50）The constitution llimits the power of each government branch, and prevents any one branch from gaining undue power.
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（51）Lexington Fire was the ending of American War of Independence
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（52）The land can be divided into three parts according to its geographical features：the eastern part，the western part，and the central Plains .
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（53）After the Asian War broke out, there were two war arenas in the world. One was the European arena; the other was the Pacific arena.
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（54）The successful merchants and ship-builders became the forefathers of the American bourgeoisie in industry.
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（55）Los Angeles leads the country in the manufacture of aircraft and spare parts and the area has become an aviation center.
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（56）The election of the American presidency comes every four years.
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（57）William Penn was not one of the founding fathersof the American Republic.
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（58）Between the Sierra Nevada Mountains and the Rocky Mountains there is a large area of desert, of which Death Valley is the lowest and hottest place in America.
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（59）In 1920, the USA had only 10 radio stations.
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（60）The Rocky Mountains form the most important river divide in the States, separating the system of the Mexican gulf and the system of the Pacific.
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（61）There are roughly two industrial sections in the USA
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（62）It is true that the US now has a "free market" system.
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（63）The name "Indians" was given by Amerigo Vespucci. When he first discovered the American continent, he mistook the natives there for the people of India.
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（64）Olympic Games are international sporting contests which take place every four years in whatever country the national athletic festival held at Olympia.
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（65）The New York Times is sold all over the USA with a circulation of 895 000.
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（66）With 6 percent of the world' s population, the United States produced half the world's goods.
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（67）There are two major denominations in America: Christian Science and Mormonism that are the results of native developments.
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（68）The bond is the borrower’s written promise to repay the loan on a certain date and also to pay a certain rate of interest on the borrowed money
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（69）In western California lies Death Valley, 280 feet below sea level. It is the lowest point in the whole of North America.
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（70）The containment policy was to hold back the expansion of the Soviet Union. It was the basis of the US foreign policy during the Cold War.
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（71）The US political system was established on the basis of three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the constitution and the rule of law.
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（72）Washington is the headquarters of all the branches of the American federal system:Congress, the Supreme Court and the Presidency.
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（73）The early settlers in the colony discovered a way to make money by growing tobacco.
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（74）In Protestantism there are about 30 principal groups
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（75）The Proclamation declared the abolition of slavery an objective of the war in addition to the objective of saving the Union.
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（76）The House of Representatives has 435 members plus a nonvoting representative from Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia.
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（77）The Federalists are supporters of the federal principle of government or members of political group from 1787 to 1823 which favoured strong centralized government and was in power from 1789 to 1800 in the USA.
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（78）The Federal Constitution of the USA, which was adopted in 1787 and came into effect in1788, is the first comparatively complete written constitution.
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（79）Between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians lies the Central Plain which occupies one third of America's landmass on the continent.
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（80）The period of the “Cold War” began when Trumanism came forth in March 1947.
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（81）The Three Faiths in the US. Refer to Protestant, Catholic and Jewish.
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（82）All the newspapers and magazines in the USA are privately owned.
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（83）The belief in the freedom of the individual is probably the most basic and most strongly held of all American beliefs.
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（84）The largest Protestant group is the Baptist.
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（85）The basic causes of World War I lay in the political and economical rivalries of the great powers.
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（86）The president can veto the bill if he hopes to prevent the bill from becoming law.
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（87）The Roman Catholic Church was separated from Orthodoxy in1054
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（88）There is unified federal policy for enrollment and every university is not free to select its own first-year students and set its own standard
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（89）Americans show great respect for Abraham Lincoln and most people regard him as a model in their personal struggle.
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（90）The president can serve more than two successive terms of four years each.
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（91）In the USA, a two-year college was originally called a “junior college”, but now it is called a “community college
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（92）American economy is a free enterprise system
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（93）The USA supplies a larger share of the imports to all other countries than does any other nation in the world.
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（94）Before the breakout of the Civil War, the Whig Party, which had been formed during Jackson's day, began to break up.
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（95）The Americans celebrate Memorial Day on the last Monday in May so that all can enjoy a three-day weekend.
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（96）Columbus discovered the new World in the year of 1493.
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（97）In April 1949, 13 nations established the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the USSR.
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（98）The Statue of Liberty was given by the Spanish people as a gift.
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（99）By the beginning of the 20th century, the United States controlled the most part of the globe.
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（100）VOA Radio Station is in Washington.
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（101）May 1st is an international Labour Day, a public holiday in the USA
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（102）Iowa is the head of corn-producing states.
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（103）The common house during colonial times was log cabin.
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（104）In the system of the Pacific, there are two major rivers: the Columbia River and the Colorado River.
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（105）Every state constitution divides political power among four elements.
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（106）The Bill of Rights consists of 10 amendments adopted in 1787.
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（107）The second continental congress was held in Philadelphia in May 1776
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（108）The first computer came into being in 1944and in the same year, the first atom bomb was tested.
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（109）Independence Day is celebrated in all the states
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（110）The spirit of “do-it-yourself” may be reflected in many aspects of American life.
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（111）About two-thirds of the income of the average daily newspaper comes from advertising
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（112）The American Supreme Court is only headed by eight other judges, all called justices, who are appointed for life terms by the president with the consent of the Senate, and who can only be removed by impeachment.
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（113）The eastern part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.
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（114）The election process in the United States is rather simple.
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（115）New Year's Day is on January 1 st, a legal holiday in the USA
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（116）The USA has many achievements in the field of science and technology
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（117）The Washington Post was founded in 1876 and associated with the conventional conservative force in the Congress.
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（118）The Indians were the original inhabitants on the continent. However, ever since the discovery of the land in 1492 they have been cruelly treated. They were driven into barren desert regions, the so-called “Indian Reservations”.
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（119）A member of either House of Congress doesn't have the right to introduce a bill.
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（120）Chicago, the second largest US city in terms of population in the United States of America, lies on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan at a point where the Chicago River enters the lake.
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（121）The poverty and wealth of the US is not distributed evenly by race, geography or age.
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（122）About 96 percent of all American homes have television sets and more than 25 percent have two or more sets.
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（123）Impeachment is a charge brought by the US House of Representatives against an official in the judicial or executive branches of the federal government.
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（124）The principal author of the Declaration of Independence was Thomas Jefferson
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（125）The president really has enormous power, both in his or her own capacity as the chief executive and acting through members of his or her Cabinet.
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（126）There is a rather uneven distribution of the population in the U. S. A. There are four densely-populated areas in the country.
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（127）In the USA there occurred six economic crises from the end of the war to the middle of the 1970s.
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（128）On December 7th, 1942, Japan attacked a US naval base at Pearl Harbour. The attack on Pearl Harbour shook the whole country of the United States of America. The next day President Roosevelt gave a short address and Congress declared war on Japan.
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（129）Most of the USA is in the temperate zone，with four distinct seasons and varying numbers of hot and co1d days each season, while the northern states and AIaska have extremely cold winters.
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（130）The standard of living of American farmers is generally high.
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（131）The first National Thanksgiving Day was set on November 16, 1789 by George Washington in his inauguration.
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（132）The distinctive feature of the American educational system is its “emphasis on education of the masses rather than on education of the intellectuals”
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（133）In 1957, the first satellite was launched in the USA
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（134）Boston is situated in Boston Bay, Massachusetts. It is a fine natural harbor and one of America's great seaports.
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（135）The American War of Independence was an event of great historic importance. By smashing the fetters of British rule, it gave the colonies their fight to national independence and assured US capitalism of a free development.
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（136）The Great Plains is the eastern part of the central plain.
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（137）Problems exist in American religion. Some of the small sects are extremely intolerant.
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（138）Compared with four-year colleges, universities are generally larger in enrollment, with better libraries, more research work, and teachers with higher doctorates.
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（139）The candidate with the most votes in a state wins all of that state’s electoral votes. This is known as the winner-take-all principle.
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（140）The first Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia in September 1775 to consider and act on the situation arising from the so-called Intolerable Acts passed by the Bitish Parliament.
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（141）In April 1947, just at the end of the war, a conference was called at San Francisco in America to organize the United Nations.
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（142）Houston is located near the Gulf of Mexico and is connected with the Gulf by a deep- water channel
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（143）The first shot of the American War of Independence was fired in Lexington
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（144）The executive body consists of fourteen departments and many independent agencies, including the postal service.
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（145）During the American Revolution in 1776, George Washington had his headquarters for a time in New York City.
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（146）American’s biggest challenge is coming from Pacific Rim countries such as Japan, South Korea, and Singapore.
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（147）Most Americans consider their religious beliefs and activities to be private matters.
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（148）In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote novel titled Uncle Tom’s Cabin, which intensified the political debate on slavery.
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（149）All the people who start businesses dream of huge corporations in the U.S
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（150）Judicial review is the power of the courts to rule whether actions taken by the legislative or executive branches of the government are consistent with the powers granted to those branches by the US Constitution and is therefore null and void.
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（151）VOA programs include news, commentary, popular music and features about American culture.
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（152）In 1860, the Democratic Party put up Abraham Lincoln for presidency.
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（153）The general election is held on the second Tuesday after the first Monday in November in each election year.
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（154）America was named after Amerigo Vespucci.
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（155）Old Faithful is the most famous geyser in the Yellowstone National Park .
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（156）In the USA, the most popular sport in antumn is baseball.
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（157）Washington, the capital of the United States, is in Washington D. C. and is situated on the Potomac River between the two states of Maryland and Virginia.
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（158）In 1862, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which formally abolished the slavery system in America.
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（159）After the Presidential candidate is chosen, he is allowed to choose his running mate, a candidate for the Secretary.
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（160）The US played a decisive role in ending World War I.
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（161）In the USA only the president are elected by all the people, on nationwide scale.
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（162）The US federal government has three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial.
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（163）In the 1960s and 1970s, tennis enjoyed a huge growth as some of the new professional stars, especially women, stimulated amateurs.
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（164）NBC also called National Broadcasting Network, is one of the three major radio and television networks in the USA.
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（165）The Christmas season begins from Thanksgiving and continues through Christmas to New Year's Day.
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（166）The continental USA runs 4505 kilometers from its Atlantic coast to Pacific coast，and 2574 kilometers from Canada to Mexico.
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（167）The tenure of office of federal judges is for life.
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（168）The decisive Battle of Stalingrad in 1943, which marked the turning point of the Second World War.
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（169）Lake Michigan is wholly within the United States of America while the other four run along the boundary between the USA and Canada.
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（170）Mount McKinley is the highest mountain in the USA and in North America. It was named afer William Mckinley, the 25th US president.
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（171）The Federal Government is supposed to keep independent from the states governments.
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（172）With a period of rapid industrial development and prosperity in 1920’s, Americans’ purchasing power grew as quickly as it should.
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（173）In 1803, the U.S.took advantage of the European War and purchased the vast area of Louisiana.
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