东北师范大学《英美概况（一）高起本》期末考试必备题集

奥鹏期末考核

50082–东北师范大学《英美概况（一）高起本》奥鹏期末考试题库合集

单选题：
（1）The Industrial () started during the last part of the 18th century, in the same period as the American and the French Revolutions.
A.Movement
B.Drive
C.Process
D.Revolution
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（2）One of the brave leaders of the Celts who fought against the invasion of the Anglo-Saxons was King ().
A.Arthur
B.James
C.Jack
D.Louise
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（3）Generally speaking, there are two systems of primary and secondary education in Britain — the state school and the independent school or the () school.
A.private
B."public"
C.national
D.boarding
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（4）On December 7th, 1941, Japan's planes from carriers at sea made a swift and sudden raid on the United States' naval base at ().
A.sea
B.island
C.Pearl Harbor
D.US
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（5）The First World War broke out on July 28th, () and ended on November 11th, 1918.
A.1911
B.1915
C.1916
D.1914
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（6）During “the Hundred Years’ War” an eighteen-year-old girl named () in France gathered an army around her and fought against the English．
A.Joan of Arc
B.Jane of Arc
C.the French Joan
D.Joan of France
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（7）UK is traditionally
divided into three regions: () in the southwest.
A.England
B.Ireland
C.Wales
D.Scotland
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（8）During the dark early days of the War, economist William Beveridge put forward proposals for postwar “()” social security.
A.life-long
B.cradle-to-grave
C.family
D.complete
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（9）The Anglo-French hostility that began in 1337 and ended in 1453 is known as “()War”.
A.the Century's
B.the Decades'
C.the Great
D.the Hundred Years'
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（10）The Church of England today is all-inclusive, having the ability to be both Protestant and ().
A.Catholic
B.Buddhist
C.Daoist
D.Tibetan
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（11）On July 7th, 1937, Japan began an all-out attack on ().
A.China
B.Taiwan
C.Korea
D.Russia
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（12）The Anglo-Saxons spoke a language that we now call().
A.English
B.New English
C.Old English
D.French
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（13）The () is the most famous of all British papers and the oldest at that.
A.Sun
B.Times
C.Mirror
D.Observer
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（14）The House of () is the oldest part of Parliament. It evolved from a council.
A.Commons
B.People
C.Lords
D.Representatives
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（15）The northern tribes began to come to England from the continent in the middle of the 5th century. They were the Germanic tribes: the Angles, () and Jutes.
A.the Celtics
B.the Vikings
C.the Germans
D.Saxons
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（16）The Crown is used as a () and is described as the representative of the people.
A.sign
B.treasure
C.symbol
D.decoration
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（17）The present sovereign is Queen (), 11th generation of the House of Hanover and the head of state of the country.
A.Elizabeth III
B.Elizabeth II
C.Elizabeth
D.ElizabethI
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（18）The system of individual tuition organized by the colleges is referred to as () system.
A.tutor
B.tutorial
C.mentor
D.guidance
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（19）() is the center of the British financial system.
A.The Bank of Ireland
B.The Bank of England
C.The Bank of Britain
D.The English Bank
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（20）In September 1939, Germany launched a () attack on Poland.
A.quick
B.lightening
C.fast
D.shocking
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（21）Hitler and the Nazis broke () Treaty when they began to reorganize the German war industry.
A.the Versailles
B.the Paris
C.the Tokyo
D.the London
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（22）Buddhism is mainly distributed over Southern and Eastern ().
A.Europe
B.Africa
C.America
D.Asia
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（23）Before World War II the industrial structure of the United Kingdom was based largely on () developed in the 19th century.
A.import trade
B.oversees trade
C.export trades
D.internal market
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（24）The doctrine of Christianity is the ().
A.Koran
B.the Bible
C.the Booklet
D.the doctrine
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（25）Talking about () is a constant topic of conversation in the UK.
A.weather
B.sport
C.money
D.health
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（26）The basic point of The People’s Charter is () as Marx has pointed out．
A.people's right
B.voting rights
C.people
D.universal suffrage
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（27）Around 3000 B.C., some of () from the Mediterranean lands settled in Britain.
A.Iberrians
B.Celtics
C.Anglo-Saxons
D.Vikings
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（28）In the period of the Heptarchy, there was a king called Egbert, the king of Wessex, who began to call himself “King of the ()”.
A.Britain
B.the Scotland
C.English
D.the Ireland
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（29）The vital power lies in the Prime Minister and his (). They make the real decisions, lead the departments of the government and manage the affairs at home and abroad.
A.Cabinet
B.wife
C.son
D.administration
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（30）It is one of the member States of ().
A.the United States
B.Asean
C.the European Union
D.South America
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（31）The UK is an island nation
in () Europe just off the coast of France.
A.Eastern
B.Southern
C.Western
D.Northern
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（32）King John in 1215 signed a document, called the “Magna Carta” or “the Great ()”.
A.Chapter
B.Constitution
C.Document
D.Charter
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（33）After the Pacific War broke out, there were two war arenas in the world. One was () arena; the other was the Pacific arena.
A.the Asian
B.the African
C.the European
D.the Atlantic
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（34）Since the end of the Second World War the Conservative and the () parties have been in power by turns.
A.Radical
B.Labor
C.Republican
D.Democratic
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（35）By the end of the 7th century England was divided into a number of kingdoms, considered by historians to have been seven and therefore the ().
A."Heptarchy"
B.the Seven Kingdoms
C.the Kingdoms
D.the Seven Kings
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（36）There are several news agencies in the UK. (), the Press Association Ltd., and the Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd. are the main ones.
A.Reuters
B.AP
C.TASS
D.XinHua
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（37）Overseas commodity trade alone accounts for about () of the country's national income.
A.one sixth
B.one third
C.half
D.one fourth
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（38）Adolf Hitler was a fascist dictator. He advocated that the () was superior and the Jews and the Slavic people were inferior.
A.Roman race
B.fascis race
C.Saxon race
D.Germanic race
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（39）Mrs. Thatcher continued her policies of tight economic control, the () of industry and "dismantling" of the welfare state.
A.nationalization
B.division
C.control
D.privatization
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（40）Large areas of land were often hedged or fenced without any warning to the peasants．This process, which started after the Black Death, was known as the () Movement．
A.Closure
B.Enclosure
C.Close
D.Closed
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（41）() bored beneath the English Channel now links the UK with France.
A.The Channel Tunnel
B.the English Tunnel
C.the Ocean Tunnel
D.the French Tunne
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（42）Following the Wars of the Roses was the rule of the House of the ().
A.Roses
B.Ludor
C.Jador
D.Tudor
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（43）The world famous universities, Oxford University and () University, are the oldest ones dating from 1167 and 1284.
A.Princeton
B.Harvard
C.Manchester
D.Cambridge
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（44）The () University is perhaps the cheapest and most far-reaching method yet found of spreading higher education.
A.Night
B.after work
C.Open
D.Free
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（45）With the publication of Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, Isaac Newton bound together the whole of nature by one universe force, ().
A.wind
B.rain
C.water
D.gravity
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（46）The proportion employed in agriculture subsequently fell much further and is smaller than that in any other European country, but the corresponding expansion occurred mostly in commerce and the () industries rather than in manufacturing.
A.Ireland
B.Scotland
C.England
D.Britain
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（47）Between 55 and 54 B.C.(), a Roman general, invaded Britain twice.
A.Julius Caesar
B.General Lee
C.Churchill
D.Washington
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（48）() predominates in the farming economy of UK.
A.Rice
B.Wheat
C.Corn
D.Animal husbandry
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（49）Some of the Sunday papers are closely linked with national () papers because they belong to the same organization.
A.daily
B.day
C.evening
D.sunday
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（50）In the 1945 general election the () Party returned to power with a huge majority.
A.Democratic
B.Republican
C.Communist
D.Labor
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（51）Under the Parliament of Clement Attlee, the new Labor government () many industries: electricity, gas and water.
A.sold
B.bought
C.nationalized
D.privatized
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（52）In 1455 the Duke of York tried to displace the Lancaster King, and the wars of the () broke out．
A.Flowers
B.Roses
C.year
D.Duke
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（53）More than () million men took part in the World War I.
A.55
B.65
C.60
D.67
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（54）The UK Landscape is very varied, ranging from the Grampian () of Scotland to the lowland fens of England which are at or below sea level in places.
A.River
B.Mountians
C.Plain
D.Lake
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（55）The question of Britain's "financial Dunkirk" mainly refers to a number of issues, namely a colossal trade gap, a weakened () base and enormous overseas establishments after the war.
A.agricultural
B.trade
C.military
D.industrial
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（56）Economist John () once raised the question of Britain's "financial Dunkirk".
A.Keynes
B.Lee
C.Walter
D.Marx
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（57）From about 750 B.C. the () tribes who had crossed from Europe in search of empty lands began to settle in the country.
A.Iberrians
B.Celtics
C.Anglo-Saxons
D.Vikings
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（58）After the close of the war, twenty-seven victorious nations (including China) attended () on January 18th, 1919.
A.the London Conference
B.the Tokyo Conference
C.the Paris Conference
D.the New York Conference
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判断题：
（1）The Battle of Hastings paved the way for the conquest of England.
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（2）Before the war, the Labor government already put the plan of "cradle-to-grave" social security into full operation.
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（3）For ninety-six years after the nominal conquest by Julius Caesar, Britain was left in peace and freedom.
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（4）Immediately after the war, the Labor government struggled to deal with many problems, for example, move to a "mixed economy".
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（5）The river Thames in UK has been an important trade and transport route since prehistoric times.
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（6）To the southwest and across the English Channel is France.
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（7）Immediately after the war, the Labor government struggled to deal with manu problems including maintaining its armed forces in sufficient strength to meet a new threat from the Soviet Union.
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（8）Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 B.C and 54 B.C.
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（9）Fifty out of the sixty-six officially designated cities in the UK are located in England.
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（10）The first main feature of the British worship is its unity among the churches.
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（11）Independent small newspaper publishers find it very easy to survive.
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（12）Liverpool is the second largest port of England.
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（13）The Monarchy is only a useless relic of a bygone age and a tremendous waste of public money.
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（14）In sports, to play with respect for the rules and the opponents and to win with modesty and lose with good temper is regarded as sportsmanship.
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（15）Big Ben is not the largest clock in Britain.
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（16）UK is an island nation.
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（17）William invaded England in 1066 and defeated and killed Harold II at Hastings.
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（18）There is censorship of the British press.
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（19）Punch is perhaps the most famous of all the magazines.
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（20）The principal news agency in every country in the world is affiliated with Reuters.
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（21）Altogether thirty-three countries finally became involved in the first worldwide war in man's history.
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（22）Darwin's theory of evolution does not deny the creative power of God, especially with regard to man.
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（23）The Queen rules but she does not reign.
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（24）The British Monarchy is a system of kings and queens in Britain.
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（25）Margaret Thatcher was not the first female Prime Minister in the UK history.
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（26）The 1980s was a decade of prosperity for UK.
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（27）The Welsh and Irish are the descendents of the Normans who came to England before the Romans.
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（28）Christianity has molded the shape of Western civilization.
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（29）British achievements in scientific research have all been turned into productive forces so far as most of the industries are concerned.
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（30）Constitutionally the Queen does not seem to have great power.
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（31）The Royal Society is an oldest and independent scientific society in the UK.
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（32）There are three major parties in Britain today, namely the Conservative Party, the Workers’ Party, and the Social and Liberal Democrats.
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（33）Mohammed preached that God is the sole sovereign.
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（34）Even though English is the official language, not all of the British people speak it.
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（35）The Thames provides water to the city of Manchester and is used to carry commercial freight.
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（36）In July 1946, Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam to formulate an occupation policy and set up a program for the future of Germany. That meeting was the famous Potsdam Conference.
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（37）Beowulf is considered the greatest Old English poem.
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（38）During the Roman occupation, the English upper classes were not Romanized.
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（39）In England you can hear Big Ben chiming daily the nation over, either on television or radio.
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（40）The Welfare State is the name given to the UK because it has adopted the principle that the welfare of every individual is the collective responsibility of the country.
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（41）The first and also fundamental cause of the World War I was not to redivide the world colonies among the European imperialist powers.
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（42）Islam was founded in the Arabian Peninsula in the early 6th century
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（43）Cambridge University is the second oldest university and famous one in the UK.
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（44）The overall climate in England is called maritime temperate.
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（45）William I ordered in 1086 the Domesday Book to be drawn up.
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（46）When you are invited to dinner in a person's home in UK, you should arrive early.
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（47）Shipbuilding is still one of major industries.
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（48）The BBC is financed by payments from all people who possess TV sets.
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（49）As a result of the Enclosure Movement, thousands of hungry peasants with their families were forced into cities, looking for work．
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（50）The Wars of the Roses had one important consequence: the strengthening of the old feudal nobility.
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（51）The changing of the Queen's guard takes place in front of Buckingham Palace.
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（52）The changing of the Queen's guard is one of the royal traditions.
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（53）The public school is a private secondary school in the UK.
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（54）Christianity came into being in 30 A.D.
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（55）The national anthem of UK is “God Save the Queen”.
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（56）It is difficult to predict the weather in the UK, as it has such a variable climate changing from day to day.
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（57）The metropolis of London and most of Britain’s large cities are located in the highland zone.
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（58）Normandy was a奥鹏期末考核 battlefield during the Second World War when the landing of the Allies in Normandy happened in 1945.
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（59）Local papers contain news of national interest and are sold nationwide.
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（60）“My home is my castle.” This shows that the British people love castles.
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（61）In UK all children must, by law, receive a full-time education from the age of five to sixteen.
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（62）The Economist is perhaps the most influential and the most substantial periodical. It seriously attempts to comment each week on every event of any political or economic interest.
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（63）Big Ben is the largest clock in Britain and has kept exact time for the nation since May 1859.
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（64）The Great Charter was essentially a feudal document．
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（65）A substantial number of Scandinavians settled in Great Britain and Ireland during the 9th century.
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（66）The House of Lords, the oldest part of Parliament did not evolve from a council.
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（67）Oxford University was established in 1267.
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（68）The British press has a long history.
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（69）The symbol of Buddhism is not the Lotus.
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（70）In Britain, "government" and "cabinet" mean different things.
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（71）Qur’an or Koran is the holy scripture of Islam.
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（72）There is no censorship of the British press although it is not able to publish what the government term classified information.
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（73）Cardiff is the capital of Wales.
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（74）The English people are not descendents of Anglo-Saxon who came to England after the Romans left Britain in 410 AD.
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（75）The western coast of UK is characterized by cliffs and rocky headlands.
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（76）The interest in religion is becoming less than before.
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（77）In the UK the change of a minister means the change of departmental personnel.
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（78）According to the British law, there does not have to be the presence of the jury in most of the trials.
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（79）There is no civil code or criminal code so far as the British law is concerned.
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（80）The number of Nobel Prize winners in science before the Second World War in UK is the largest in the world.
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（81）It is not up to the judges to decide on the “sentence” in the court of UK.
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（82）The Queen still has substantial power.
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（83）The assassination of an Austria prince, Arch Duke Ferdinand, in 1914 in Serbia served as the direct "fuse" for the outbreak of the first world war.
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（84）The Lake Poets in the history of English literature are these famous poets who get their inspiration from and sing the praises of the beautiful scenery in the Lake District of England.
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（85）Black Death is the deadly plague, which killed large number of people in Asia and Europe in the 14th century.
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（86）The United Kingdom’s only land border with another nation is between Northern Ireland and Ireland.
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（87）Mrs. Thatcher was very popular with the masses.
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（88）The EU is the largest trading union and a very important economic organ in the world.
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（89）In England, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day!
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（90）Mrs. Thatcher increased expenditures for health, social services and education.
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（91）The other terms for the Crown are the Monarch and the Sovereign.
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（92）The two results of the Enclosure Movement are the primitive accumulation of capital and the continuation of the supply of cheap labor that paved the way for the development of capitalism．
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（93）The steam engine is not a thing invented by one scientist at one time. It is the work of many scientists over a long period of time.
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（94）British agriculture produces enough food to meet the country's basic needs.
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（95）No 10 Downing Street is the official residence of Prime Minister.
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（96）Religion is playing an increasingly more important role in the social life of Britain.
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（97）On August 6th and 9th, 1945, the US dropped two atom bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing over 200 000 Japanese people.
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（98）The most surprising result of nationalization was how much difference it often made.
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（99）The four BBC radio channels during the day cater for different tastes.
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（100）The best-known scientific achievement in the eighteenth century was Charles Robert Darwin's development of a theory of evolution.
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（101）Darwin’s theory of evolution was well received by people of his time.
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（102）Isaac Newton was undoubtedly one of the greatest scientific minds in the pure field of science and mathematics.
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（103）The European Union (EU) was funded on the basis of the European Economic Community.
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（104）Lake Poets, a term loosely applied to three English Poets, Robert Southey, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and William Wordsworth, who lived in the Lake District of England.
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（105）The official head of Parliament is not the Queen.
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（106）In terms of the nature of court cases, we can also divide the courts into two systems: the Civil Courts and the criminal Courts.
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（107）The life of Parliament in UK is fixed at four years.
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（108）Not all children in UK have the right to free secondary education.
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（109）Shortly after the coronation of Richard, Henry II’s son，he went on the Third Crusade.
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（110）London has a history that spans nearly 1000 years.
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（111）When the program of nationalization was complete, only little percent of the British economy still remained in private hands.
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（112）The Roman occupation lasted for almost 500 years.
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（113）British history has been a history of invasion.
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（114）The death penalty for murder was still in practice in UK.
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（115）There is no Minister of Justice in the British Government.
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（116）Evidence has proved Darwin's theory of evolution true, though a great many of the details still have to be worked out.
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（117）Almost all the national papers are published in London.
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（118）Public schools are private in the fullest sense.
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（119）During the first three years after the break-out of the war, the US took a neutral stand but sold many munitions to the Allies from which it made huge profits.
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（120）The Thames is the longest river in the United Kingdom.
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（121）King Alfred of Wessex, was considered the first national hero for his fight against the Danes.
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（122）Invisible trade refers to the earnings which are connected with services rather than products, for example, from insurance or international tourism.
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（123）A general election in UK is held every four years.
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（124）Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland.
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（125）The Thames and the Seven are the longest rivers in Britain.
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（126）Jesus had placed the Jewish idea of the Kingdom of God at the center of his teaching, but gave the idea a new spiritual universal meaning.
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（127）The British prime minister is not the head of the cabinet and the government.
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（128）The British labor force is not homogeneous at all.
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（129）The ceremony of the changing of Queen's guards takes place at eleven a. m. weekdays and at ten on Sunday.
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（130）The Crown is the supreme power or ruler in a monarchy, which means either the king or the queen.
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（131）On April 6th, 1916, the Congress of the United States of America declared war on Germany.
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（132）The two-party sysytem ensures a strong and stable government.
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（133）Sunday newspapers are read for their news items and other features rather than their stories.
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（134）The “iron lady” is one of the nicknames of Margaret Thatcher.
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（135）The Chartists advocated violence．
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（136）Christians worship Jesus Christ as the Son of God and Savior of Mankind.
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（137）Jesus Christ is a Jewish religious leader.
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（138）National papers contain news of interest to a particular region or town and are sold in that locality.
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（139）“Grocer’s daughter”is another nickname of Mrs Thatcher.
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（140）We can divide the judicial organizations in UK roughly into two levels: the central courts and the local courts.
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（141）Christmas Day is on December 25.
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（142）The Salvation Army preaches and does charitable work among the poor.
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（143）Joan of Arc was an eighteen-year-old girl in France who gathered an army around her to fight against the English during the Hundred Years’ War．
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（144）The steam railway engine driven by high-pressure steam was invented by James Watt.
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（145）UK exercises a two-party system.
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（146）Horticulture is a very important part of Britain's farming economy.
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（147）"February Revolution" took place in Russia in 1918.
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（148）Manchester is England's second largest city.
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（149）Because of the Enclosure Movement, whole villages disappeared and thousands of peasants were expelled from the land and became vagabonds and beggars．
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（150）The BBC World Service operates extensively international short-wave services in 43 other languages.
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（151）Edward Jenner, a German physician, discovered the vaccine for preventing smallpox.
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（152）In every state school the head teacher does not have autonomy to decide what is to be taught and how the teaching is to be carried out.
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（153）The earliest invasion of UK is that by the dark-haired Mediterranean race called Iberians; the last is by the Vikings.
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（154）Knights were experienced professional soldiers, for they they fought for their lords whenever it was necessary, but they did not own land.
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（155）John Dalton is best known for developing an atomic theory.
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（156）Family allowances had not been introduced before the War's end.
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（157）The UK Landscape is very varied, ranging from the Grampian Mountains of Scotland to the lowland fens of England which are at or below sea level in places.
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（158）The English weather has not helped to make the Englishman adaptable.
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（159）The Enclosure Movement forced thousands of peasants to leave their land and become vagabonds and beggars．
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（160）The literature career of Bronte sisters has no relationship with one of the geographic features in Yorkshire county, where they were born and raised, which is moors.
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（161）Reuters was founded in New York in 1871.
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（162）Sunday papers have become notorious for their vulgarity.
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（163）In the UK the House of Lords is the supreme executive body of the law.
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（164）At the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 18th century, many Puritans suffered from persecution, and some of them went to America as immigrants.
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（165）In UK no one lives more than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.
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（166）In August 1940 the German Air Force began an intensive attack on the airfield in southeastern England.
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（167）The Thames is only 346 km (215 miles) long. It is England's longest river and the second longest river in the United Kingdom
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（168）The Hundred Years’ War refers to a series of wars between France and England throughout the 11th and 12th centuries．
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（169）John Keynes proposed the prevention of financial crisis and unemployment by adjusting demand through government control of credit and currency.
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（170）In 1928, the government introduced the National Health Service.
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